The World as Will and Representation
by Arthur Schopenhauer(1818)
“Life swings like a pendulum backward and forward between pain and boredom.”
by Arthur Schopenhauer(1818)
“Life swings like a pendulum backward and forward between pain and boredom.”
Arthur Schopenhauer(1818)
Behind every phenomenon, behind the orderly world of objects and causes, surges a blind, insatiable striving that has no purpose and no end. This 1818 masterwork tears away the veil of reason to reveal existence as the ceaseless expression of Will, a force that drives all life toward desire, suffering, and temporary satiation before desire returns. Drawing on Kant and finding unexpected kinship with the Upanishads, Schopenhauer built a metaphysics of profound pessimism redeemed only by aesthetic contemplation, compassion, and renunciation. Art, especially music, offers momentary liberation from the Will's tyranny. The prose is luminous, aphoristic, utterly assured. Every later philosophy of the unconscious passes through this door.
Kant built the system Schopenhauer dismantles and rebuilds: start here to understand what Schopenhauer is arguing against.
Nietzsche starts as Schopenhauer's disciple and ends as his opponent: the will becomes the will to power and pessimism becomes affirmation.
Hesse dramatises the same renunciation Schopenhauer prescribes, and the river teaches what the philosopher argues.